Control engineers, mechanical engineers and mechanical technicians will learn how to select the proper control systems for axial and centrifugal compressors for proper throughput and surge control, with a particular emphasis on surge control. Readers will learn to understand the importance of transmitter speed, digital controller sample time, and control valve stroking time in helping to prevent surge. Engineers and technicians will find this book to be a highly valuable guide on compressor control schemes and the importance of mitigating costly and sometimes catastrophic surge problems. It can be used as a self-tutorial guide or in the classroom with the book's helpful end-of-chapter questions and exercises and sections for keeping notes.

Annotation The proper selection of a compressor is a complex and important decision. The successful operation of many plants depends on smooth and efficient compressor operations. To ensure the best selection and proper maintenance of a centrifugal compressor, the engineer must have a knowledge of many engineering disciplines. Boyce provides an up-to-date reference in the field of centrifugal compressors covering all major aspects of design, operation, and maintenance. As well, he includes technical details on sizing, plant layout, fuel selection, types of drives, and performance characteristics of all major components in a co-generation or combined-cycle power plant.

Surge Control of Active-magnetic-bearing-suspended Centrifugal Compressors sets out the fundamentals of integrating active magnetic bearing (AMB) rotor suspension technology in compressor systems, and describes how this relatively new bearing technology can be employed in active control of compressor surge initiation. The authors provide a self-contained and comprehensive review of rotordynamics and the fundamentals of AMB technology. The active stabilization of compressor surge employing AMBs in a machine is fully explored, from modeling of instability and controller design, to the implementation and experimental testing of the control algorithm in a specially-constructed, industrial-size centrifugal compression system. The results of these tests demonstrate the great potential of the new surge control method suggested in this text. This book will be useful for engineers in industries that involve turbocompressors and magnetic bearings, as well as for researchers and graduate students in the field of applied control. Whatever their level of experience, engineers working in the fields of turbomachinery, magnetic bearings, rotordynamics and controls will find the material in this book absorbing as all these important aspects of engineering are integrated to create a multi-disciplinary solution to a real-life industrial problem and the book is a suitable introduction to the area for newcomers.

This third edition of the Instrument Engineers' Handbook-most complete and respected work on process instrumentation and control-helps you:

Over the last three decades the process industries have grown very rapidly, with corresponding increases in the quantities of hazardous materials in process, storage or transport. Plants have become larger and are often situated in or close to densely populated areas. Increased hazard of loss of life or property is continually highlighted with incidents such as Flixborough, Bhopal, Chernobyl, Three Mile Island, the Phillips 66 incident, and Piper Alpha to name but a few. The field of Loss Prevention is, and continues to, be of supreme importance to countless companies, municipalities and governments around the world, because of the trend for processing plants to become larger and often be situated in or close to densely populated areas, thus increasing the hazard of loss of life or property. This book is a detailed guidebook to defending against these, and many other, hazards. It could without exaggeration be referred to as the "bible" for the process industries. This is THE standard reference work for chemical and process engineering safety professionals. For years, it has been the most complete collection of information on the theory, practice, design elements, equipment, regulations and laws covering the field of process safety. An entire library of alternative books (and cross-referencing systems) would be needed to replace or improve upon it, but everything of importance to safety professionals, engineers and managers can be found in this all-encompassing reference instead. Frank Lees' world renowned work has been fully revised and expanded by a team of leading chemical and process engineers working under the guidance of one of the world's chief experts in this field. Sam Mannan is professor of chemical engineering at Texas A&M University, and heads the Mary Kay O'Connor Process Safety Center at Texas A&M. He received his MS and Ph.D. in chemical engineering from the University of Oklahoma, and joined the chemical engineering department at Texas A&M University as a professor in 1997. He has over 20 years of experience as an engineer, working both in industry and academia New detail is added to chapters on fire safety, engineering, explosion hazards, analysis and suppression, and new appendices feature more recent disasters. The many thousands of references have been updated along with standards and codes of practice issued by authorities in the US, UK/Europe and internationally. In addition to all this, more regulatory relevance and case studies have been included in this edition. Written in a clear and concise style, Loss Prevention in the Process Industries covers traditional areas of personal safety as well as the more technological aspects and thus provides balanced and in-depth coverage of the whole field of safety and loss prevention. - A must-have standard reference for chemical and process engineering safety professionals - The most complete collection of information on the theory, practice, design elements, equipment and laws that pertain to process safety - Only single work to provide everything; principles, practice, codes, standards, data and references needed by those practicing in the field

With resources at a premium, and ecological concerns paramount,the need for clean, efficient and low-cost processes is one of themost critical challenges facing chemical engineers. The ability tocontrol these processes, optimizing one, two or several variableshas the potential to make more substantial savings in time, moneyand resources than any other single factor. Building on the success of the previous editions, this new thirdedition of A Real-Time Approach to Process Control employsboth real industry practice and process control education withoutthe use of complex or highly mathematical techniques, providing amore practical and applied approach. Updated throughout, this edition: • Includes a brand new chapter on Model predictive Control (MPC) • Now includes wireless and web-based technologies • Covers bio-related systems • Details the new multivariable control measure developed by theauthors • Includes PowerPoint slides and solutions to Workshop problems onthe accompanying website: ahref="http://www.wiley.com/go/svrcek-real-time-3e"http://www.wiley.com/go/svrcek-real-time-3e/a From the reviews of previous editions: “Would appeal to practising engineers due to its“hands on” feel for the subject matter. But moreimportantly, the authors present these concepts as fundamentals ofchemical engineering, in a way that is consistent with howprofessor teach at the universities.” –ChemicalEngineering Process (CEP) “The book has been beautifully crafted”–Engineering Subject Centre “Provides a refreshing approach to the presentation ofprocess analysis and control” –The ChemicalEngineer

Dieses amerikanische Standardwerk wurde vom Übersetzer angepaßt auf die deutschen Verhältnisse. Es bietet wertvolle Informationen für Installation, Betrieb und Wartung, technische Details der Auslegung, Kennzahlen und vieles mehr.

For over thirty years, the Surface Production Operations Series has taken the guess work out of the design, selection, installation, operation, testing, and troubleshooting of surface production equipment. The fourth volume in this series, Pumps and Compressors is directed to both entry-level personnel and practicing professionals looking for an up-to-date reference book on managing, evaluating, sizing, selecting, installing, operating and maintaining pump and compressor systems. Packed with examples drawn from years of design and field experience, this reference features many charts, tables, equations, diagrams, and photographs to illustrate the basic applications including pump hydraulics, centrifugal and reciprocating compressor applications, compressor performance maps, pump performance curves, pump and compressor testing and installation, and many more critical topics. Packed with practical solutions Surface Production Operations: Pumps and Compressors delivers an essential design and specification reference for today's engineers. Covers application and performance considerations for all types of pumps and compressors Delivers hands-on manual for applying mechanical and physical principles to select and design pump and compressor systems, supported by many tables and diagrams Gives expert advice on how to apply design codes and standards such as API 610, API 674, ANSI B78.1, API 617, API 11P, API RP 14C and the Hydraulic Institute

Annotation This book examines the full spectrum of compressor types, how they operate, how to control them, and how operating conditions can significantly impact their performance. Discussed in detail are the influence of pressure, temperature, molecular weight, specific heat ratio, compression ratio, speed, vane position, and volume bottles. The various methods of throughput control are also addressed, including discharge throttling, suction throttling, guide vane positioning, volume bottles, suction valve unloaders, and speed control, as well as how each of these control methods affects compressor life. Compressor surge is defined and discussed in detail, along with the types of instrumentation (controllers, valves, pressure and temperature transmitters) available, and which of these are most suitable for controlling surge. Case studies are included to illustrate the principles covered in the text.

High efficiency axial and centrifugal compressors are important in fields as diverse as aircraft engines, superchargers and turbochargers, process and refrigeration compressors. Compressors must achieve high efficiency in blade rows in diffusing flow fields. Of equal and sometimes greater importance is the range os stable operation of the compressor. Blade row stall characteristics determine the limit os stable operation. Blading can stall uniformly with symmetric flow breakdown or asymmetrically in rotating stall, wich propagates around the periphery of the blade row. Depending on aerodynamic conditions, surge may occur instead of, in concert with, or subsequent to blade row stall. The transient breakdown and recovery of aerodynamic loading not only limits compressor performance but also leads to mechanical failures caused by the vibrational loads imposed on the blades. There is no need to know what initiates these performance limits so that surge and stall margins can be optimized and control strategies can be planned. the first step toward understanding is to be knowledgeable about he physical processes occurring during surge and stall. This will permit the designer to anticipate variable geometry needs such as variable inlet guide vanes, variable statuors, and bleed port strategies. Theoritical treatment is far from being well established, however, there are many approaches discussed in the literature. This book is a unique reference to the subject matter. Physical descriptions of the phenomena are given, test results are presented, and analytical studies are discussed. There has been much written about the experimental investigations and theoretical treatments related to surge and stall. To assist those who would pursue advancements in furthering ou knowledge of surge and stall, it seemed appropriate to have a resource that contains a compendium of information on this subject. That is the purpose of this book. [Source : d'après la 4e de couverture].

Computer simulation is the key to comprehending and controlling the full-scale industrial plant used in the chemical, oil, gas and electrical power industries. Simulation of Industrial Processes for Control Engineers shows how to use the laws of physics and chemistry to produce the equations to simulate dynamically all the most important unit operations found in process and power plant. The book explains how to model chemical reactors, nuclear reactors, distillation columns, boilers, deaerators, refrigeration vessels, storage vessels for liquids and gases, liquid and gas flow through pipes and pipe networks, liquid and gas flow through installed control valves, control valve dynamics (including nonlinear effects such as static friction), oil and gas pipelines, heat exchangers, steam and gas turbines, compressors and pumps, as well as process controllers (including three methods of integral desaturation). The phenomenon of markedly different time responses ("stiffness") is considered and various ways are presented to get around the potential problem of slow execution time. The book demonstrates how linearization may be used to give a diverse check on the correctness of the as-programmed model and explains how formal techniques of model validation may be used to produce a quantitative check on the simulation model's overall validity. The material is based on many years' experience of modelling and simulation in the chemical and power industries, supplemented in recent years by university teaching at the undergraduate and postgraduate level. Several important new results are presented. The depth is sufficient to allow real industrial problems to be solved, thus making the book attractive to engineers working in industry. But the book's step-by-step approach makes the text appropriate also for post-graduate students of control engineering and for undergraduate students in electrical, mechanical and chemical engineering who are studying process control in their second year or later.

Vols. for 1977-19 include a section: Turbomachinery world news, called v. 1-

Process descriptions, design methods, operating procedures and troubleshooting are covered in detail in this hands-on reference. You will gain a better understanding of surface operations between the wellhead and the point of custody transfer or transport from the production facilities. Contents: Characterization of natural gas and its products Phase behavior of natural gas Water-hydrocarbon phase behavior Field processing of natural gas Prevention of hydrate formation Gas sweeting Gas dehydration using glycol, solid desiccants, LTX, & CaCl Compression Gas measurement Heat & cooling Transportation Natural gas liquids recovery Glossary Material & energy balances OPSIM: conversion of units Physical properties.

Throughout the last decades, centrifugal compressor research and development have been revolutionized. Computational fluid dynamics have provided a better understanding of the flow and physical phenomena, and the design of new cen trifugal compressor components has been transformed from an "art" into a "sci ence". New materials and manufacturing techniques now create new geometries that could only be dreamed of in the past, and new challenging applications have pushed the limits beyond what was considered the state of the art. This new book presenting a comprehensive look at industrial compressors is therefore very timely. Readers will find a large amount of information based on extensive experience, a clear and well-founded approach to real-gas handling and solutions to many practical problems. It will provide engineering contractors and users of industrial compressors with a better insight into the "how" and "why" of different design features thus allowing a more profound basis for discussions with manufacturers. It will also cast a light on the day-by-day design practice to academia by revealing the limitations and requirements of practical applications and economics. This book combines a strict mathematical approach with practical experience and is illustrated with many examples. It fills in the gap between academic text books and encyclopaedic descriptions of industrial compressors. I have no doubt that this book, based on several decades of experience in the industry, both in the USA and Europe, will be well received by the centrifugal compressor community.

The series Advances in Industrial Control aims to report and encourage technology transfer in control engineering. The rapid development of control technology impacts all areas of the control discipline. New theory, new controllers, actuators, sensors, new industrial processes, computer methods, new applications, new philosophies . . . , new challenges. Much of this development work resides in industrial reports, feasibility study papers and the reports of advanced collaborative projects. The series offers an opportunity for researchers to present an extended exposition of such new work in all aspects of industrial control for wider and rapid dissemination. Operating plant as close as possible to constraint boundaries so often brings economic benefits in industrial process control. This is the conundrum at the heart of this monograph by Tommy Gravdahl and Olav Egeland on stall control for compressors. Operation of the compressor closer to the surge line can increase operational efficiency and flexibility The approach taken by the authors follows the modern control system paradigm: -physical understanding, detailed modelling and simulation studies and finally control studies. The thoroughness of the presentation, bibliography and appendices indicates that the volume has all the hallmarks of being a classic for its subject. Despite the monograph's narrow technical content, the techniques and insights presented should appeal to the wider industrial control community as well as the gas turbine/compressor specialist. M. J. Grimble and M. A.

This book presents a general nonlinear control design methodology for nonlinear uncertain dynamical systems. Specifically, a hierarchical nonlinear switching control framework is developed that provides a rigorous alternative to gain scheduling control for general nonlinear uncertain systems. The proposed switching control design framework accounts for actuator saturation constraints as well as system modeling uncertainty. The efficacy of the control design approach is extensively demonstrated on aeroengine propulsion systems. In particular, dynamic models for rotating stall and surge in axial and centrifugal flow compression systems that lend themselves to the application of nonlinear control design are developed and the hierarchical switching control framework is then applied to control the aerodynamic instabilities of rotating stall and surge. For the researcher who is entering the field of hierarchical switching robust control this book provides a plethora of new research directions. Alternatively, for researchers already active in the field of hierarchical control and hybrid systems, this book can be used as a reference to a significant body of recent work. Furthermore, control practitioners involved with nonlinear control design can immensely benefit from the novel nonlinear stabilization techniques presented in the book.